Who is required to undergo a medical examination or medical surveillance according to asbestos regulations?

The requirement for a medical examination or medical surveillance is specifically linked to activities and exposure levels associated with asbestos. Individuals using negative pressure respirators and those who have been exposed to the permissible exposure limit (PEL) for 30 days or more are at a higher risk for asbestos-related health issues and therefore must undergo medical surveillance. This measure is in place to ensure early detection of potential health issues and to facilitate prompt intervention when necessary.

Monitoring and surveillance are crucial in industries involving hazardous materials like asbestos, as prolonged exposure can lead to serious health problems, including asbestosis and mesothelioma. The regulations are designed to protect individuals who are significantly exposed to asbestos in their work environment, ensuring that appropriate health monitoring is implemented for those with the highest exposure levels.

The other choices do not align with the specific regulatory requirements. For instance, individuals simply working in construction or those under 30 years old may not necessarily face the same level of risk unless their work specifically entails significant asbestos exposure.