According to EPA and OSHA, which category does NOT represent a use for asbestos in buildings?

The choice indicating that "Fire-resistant materials" does not represent a use for asbestos in buildings is noteworthy because asbestos has historically been extensively utilized in various fire-resistant products. Asbestos fibers, known for their heat-resistant properties, were commonly incorporated into fireproofing materials, like sprays and boards, used for structural steel, ceilings, and floors. This made asbestos a popular choice in the construction of buildings designed to withstand fire hazards.

In contrast, the other categories mentioned in the question—surface materials, miscellaneous materials, and thermal insulation systems—accurately reflect recognized uses for asbestos in buildings. Surface materials can include products like tiles and textured finishes, miscellaneous materials cover a range of applications including cements and coatings, and thermal insulation systems refer to coverings and insulations used on pipes, boilers, and ductwork, all of which highlight the diverse applications of asbestos in construction prior to the recognition of its health risks.